If you only do five things

  1. Get your last day of paid employment in writing from HR. That date starts the clock. If you are still on payroll, it has not started yet.
  2. Check your I-94 expiration date. The grace period cannot run past it, so your window may be shorter than 60 days.
  3. Call an immigration attorney this week. Filing early in the grace period reduces your exposure.
  4. Do not work and do not leave the country. Unauthorized work voids your status, and travel ends the grace period. What the grace period does and does not allow.
  5. Search employers that already sponsor H-1Bs. A new employer can file the day they decide to hire you. How a transfer works.

How long do I have?

Up to 60 consecutive calendar days, starting the day after your last day of paid employment. Federal regulations treat that window as a period of authorized stay.

60 days maximum grace period, counted from the day after your last paid day
30 days your actual window if your I-94 expires in 30 days, because it cannot run past that date
1 grace period per petition validity period
0 days you can work or travel abroad during it

You cannot work during the grace period unless a new employer has filed an H-1B change-of-employer petition on your behalf. You also cannot travel internationally. Leaving the country ends the grace period, and re-entry would require a valid visa stamp and a new petition.

The grace period applies whether your employment ended by layoff, termination, or resignation. It is measured from the day after your final paycheck date, not from the day you were told about the layoff.

Why your clock may not have started yet, and when you get a second grace period

If your employer keeps you on payroll during a notice period or garden leave, the clock does not start until that pay stops. See when the clock starts.

You get one grace period per petition validity period. If you were laid off by Employer A, used part of the grace period, and then returned to Employer A on the same petition, you do not get a second 60 days. If you transfer to Employer B on a new petition and are later laid off again, you would be eligible for a new grace period under that new petition.

Can a new employer take over my H-1B?

Yes. The new employer files an H-1B change-of-employer petition, Form I-129, with USCIS, and you can start work as soon as it is filed.

60 days window to get the new petition filed
15 business days premium processing adjudication
0 days you wait for approval once you hold the I-797 receipt notice
  • Start on the receipt notice. Once you have the I-797 receipt notice you can begin working for the new employer without waiting for approval. That is an advantage over other visa categories.
  • You are cap-exempt. If you were already counted against the H-1B annual cap, the transfer is not subject to the lottery, and you can transfer at any time of year.
  • Pay for premium processing. For an extra fee, USCIS adjudicates the petition within 15 business days. Given the time pressure of the grace period, most immigration attorneys recommend it for transfers after a layoff.
  • Target employers with a sponsorship record. The USCIS H-1B Employer Data Hub shows which employers have filed H-1B petitions and their approval rates.
What a transfer technically is, and what happens if you file after day 60

This is commonly called an H-1B "transfer," though technically it is a new petition rather than a move of an existing one.

The petition should be filed while you are still in the grace period. If you miss the window, your options narrow significantly. Some attorneys have successfully filed after the 60 days, but this is risky and depends on the facts of your case.

What if I cannot find a sponsor in time?

File a change of status to another nonimmigrant category before the grace period expires. A timely filed, non-frivolous application preserves your authorized stay while USCIS processes it, even if the 60 days pass before a decision is made.

30 days if you have no new sponsor by then, discuss a change of status with your attorney
60 days the application must be filed before the grace period ends
  • B-1/B-2, visitor. Lets you remain in the U.S. while you continue your job search or prepare to depart. You cannot work on a B visa.
  • F-1, student. Requires acceptance from a SEVP-certified school.
  • O-1, extraordinary ability. A new employer or agent files on your behalf. No annual cap, and work authorization starts on approval.
The filing requirements behind each option, and what a pending application protects

B-1/B-2 and F-1 both use Form I-539, which must be filed during the grace period. While the application is pending, you are in a period of authorized stay.

F-1 requires you to enroll in a qualifying academic program at a SEVP-certified school before filing Form I-539.

O-1 requires a strong record of achievement in your field. It has no annual cap and allows immediate work authorization upon approval.

The critical point is that you must file before the grace period expires. A timely filed, non-frivolous application preserves your authorized stay while USCIS processes it, even if the 60 days pass before a decision is made.

What happens to my spouse and children?

Your H-4 dependents stay in authorized stay with you through the 60 days. Include them in the transfer or change-of-status filing so their status is preserved along with yours.

H-4 status derives from your H-1B, so when your H-1B employment ends, your spouse and children are affected too.

What happens to an H-4 EAD during and after the grace period

If your H-4 spouse holds an Employment Authorization Document, they can continue working during the grace period. If the grace period expires without a new petition or change of status being filed, the H-4 EAD also becomes invalid.

When exactly does my clock start?

The day after your last day of paid employment. While you are still on the company's payroll, the 60 days have not started.

Get your official last day of employment from HR. That single date determines when your grace period starts, and therefore when it ends.

Garden leave is paid non-working notice. As long as you are being paid and remain on payroll, the grace period has not begun, which effectively extends your window to find a new sponsor.

How 60 days of WARN pay affects the date, depending on how it is structured

If your employer provides 60 days of WARN Act pay in lieu of notice, you may still be on payroll during that period. The key question is whether you remain an employee on the company's records.

If the WARN pay is structured as continued employment, meaning you are still on payroll and benefits continue, the grace period likely starts when that pay ends. If it is structured as a lump-sum severance after your employment date ends, the grace period starts the day after your last day of employment.

Is the 60 days still safe to rely on?

The grace period still exists in regulation and most H-1B workers use it without incident, but the risk environment has shifted. Act early rather than waiting until the end of the 60 days.

In 2025, immigration attorneys began reporting cases of H-1B workers receiving Notices to Appear in immigration court during their 60-day grace period. In those cases, the employer had already notified USCIS that the worker's H-1B sponsorship was revoked, and DHS treated the worker as removable even before the 60 days had elapsed.

Filing a new petition or a change of status early in the grace period reduces your exposure. Do not plan around the last week.

This is a fast-moving area of immigration policy. Consult an immigration attorney for advice specific to your situation.

Where the grace period comes from, and why it is not settled law

The regulation that created the 60-day grace period, 8 CFR 214.1(l)(2), also gives DHS discretion to shorten or eliminate it.

As of early 2026, the USCIS guidance page on options for terminated nonimmigrant workers is listed as "out of date," and there is no official policy memo confirming whether the grace period will continue to be honored as it has been in the past.

What if I have an approved I-140?

An approved I-140 filed by a current or previous employer gives you three options a straight H-1B holder does not have: portability, a compelling circumstances EAD, and H-1B extensions past the six-year limit.

180 days how long the I-140 must have been approved for AC21 portability
1 year length of each compelling circumstances EAD grant
3 years extension a new employer can request with an approved I-140
6 years standard H-1B limit an approved I-140 lets you go beyond
  • I-140 portability. Under AC21, once your I-140 has been approved for at least 180 days, you can change employers without losing your place in the green card queue.
  • Compelling circumstances EAD. If your priority date is not yet current, a layoff can qualify as a compelling circumstance. The EAD allows you to work for any employer while you wait.
  • Three-year H-1B extensions. A new employer can file an H-1B petition requesting a three-year extension beyond the standard six-year limit, which gives you more stability.
The rules behind portability and the compelling circumstances EAD

For portability, the new employer does not need to file a new I-140, though they may choose to.

The compelling circumstances EAD comes from 8 CFR 204.5(p). It is available to the beneficiary of an approved I-140 whose priority date is not yet current, it is granted in one-year increments, and it allows you to work for any employer while you wait for your priority date.

What to do first

Work through this list in order of urgency.

Confirm your official last day of employment and last paycheck date with HR
Check your I-94 expiration date at i94.cbp.dhs.gov (grace period cannot extend past this date)
Contact an immigration attorney immediately, not at the end of the grace period
Begin your job search focused on employers with H-1B sponsorship history
Do not accept any freelance or contract work during the grace period (unauthorized employment voids your status)
Do not travel internationally (leaving the U.S. ends the grace period)
Gather copies of your I-797 approval notices, I-94, passport, pay stubs, and any I-140 approval
If you have an approved I-140, discuss compelling circumstances EAD and portability with your attorney
If no new sponsor is found within 30 days, discuss change of status to B-1/B-2 or F-1 with your attorney
File for unemployment insurance (H-1B holders who paid into the system are generally eligible)
Review COBRA and ACA marketplace options for health coverage (see our post-layoff guide)

One caveat

This is general information about the H-1B grace period and related immigration options. It is not legal advice.

Immigration law is complex and changes frequently. The enforcement environment around the 60-day grace period has shifted in 2025 and 2026, and individual circumstances vary. Consult a qualified immigration attorney for advice specific to your situation.

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